INVESTIGATING AESTHETIC COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL GRAPHICS OF IRAN BIRDS GARDEN

Abstract. This main purpose of this study was to investigate the aesthetic components of environmental graphics of Iran Birds Garden using a method of descriptive analytics. Library resources were used to collect data. Two bird gardens in Asia were selected as the research statistical population and were analyzed qualitatively. The major objectives of this study were designing new and efficient ideas to increase the Iranian and foreign tourists, investigating Asian birds garden in terms of pictograms, designing guide signs in this garden and finding a solution to improve this branch of graphics in Iran. The results indicated the use of simple and understandable pictographic symbols and signs, animal motifs inspired by birds original form and color can attract domestic and foreign tourists to these gardens. Since the environmental graphics as a powerful instrument and science to attract international and Iranian visitors has notreceived proper attention in Iran, this paper tried to investigate this branch of visual communication collecting comprehensive information about aesthetics and environmental graphics.Keywords: Environmental Graphics, Aesthetics, Pictograms, Birds Garden

Analysis of exerted stresses of final drive in MF 285 tractor by Theoretical and Finite Element Method (FEM)

Gears is a rotating cylindrical wheel having tooth cut on it and which meshes with another toothed part to transmit the power or torque.. In this investigation, at first, bending stress and contact stress between sun gear and planet gear tooth were determined using of Lewis and Hertzian equations. Afterward, a 3D model of final drives gear was investigated via FEM method. According to the obtained results, maximum of bending stress and contact stress occurred in Gear 1 and low status of helping gear, according to the results that given in the table 3, maximum bending stress using of theoretical and FEM simulation methods were obtained 918.62 Mpa and 951.82 Mpa, respectively. Also, maximum contact stress in same status using of theoretical and FEM simulation methods were obtained 2952.71 Mpa and 2903.20 Mpa, respectively. The percentage difference between the theoretical and FEM bending stress results and contact stress results are of average 3.48% and 11%, respectively, which are still acceptable. As regards, some parameters are ignored in theoretical calculation such as: radial forces in Lewis equation and tangential forces in Hertzian equation, FEM simulation results are acceptable than theoretical results

Malaria elimination in Iran, importance and challenges

Background: The aim of study is to assess the importance and challenges of Malaria elimination (ME) in Iran's health system. Material: Opinion of experts from Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the chancellors of medical universities affected by malaria were gathered using Focus Group Discussions and in­depth interviews. We asked them about the importance and main challenges of ME in Iran. Results: Main factors on importance of ME were: it's a struggle to reach to equity in the poorest regions of county, prevention of emerging disease in susceptible regions, lowering the cost of control and its effects on the region's socioeconomic condition. Main challenges were Iran's long border with malaria­endemic countries Pakistan and Afghanistan and illegal immigrants, underdevelopment in rural areas, system's insensitivity and diagnosis problem due to reduction of cases. Conclusion: Quantitative and holistic researches are needed for assessing the consequences of ME